堅定做變革世界中的建設性力量
A Steadfast Constructive Force in a Changing World
——在第61屆慕尼黑安全會議“中國專場”上的主旨講話
– Keynote Speech at the 61st Munich Security Conference Conversation with China
王毅
H.E. Wang Yi
2025年2月14日，慕尼黑
Munich, February 14, 2025
尊敬的霍伊斯根主席，
各位朋友，各位同事：
Your Excellency Chairman Christoph Heusgen,
Dear Friends,
Colleagues,
我們所處的是一個更加變亂交織的世界，大家都關心這個世界今后向何處去。借用今年慕安會報告的主題來回答，那就是走向多極化。80年前聯(lián)合國成立時只有51個會員國，到今天是193個國家共乘一艘大船，多極化的世界既是歷史的必然，也正在成為現(xiàn)實。
The world we live in is an increasing mix of turbulence and transformation. Many people are asking the same question: Where is it headed? If I may borrow the theme of this year’s Munich Security Report, it is headed toward multi-polarization. When the United Nations was founded 80 years ago, it had only 51 member states; today, 193 countries ride in the same big boat. A multipolar world is not only a historical inevitability; it is also becoming a reality.
多極化是否會帶來動蕩失序、沖突對抗？是否意味著大國主導、弱肉強食？中國給出的答案是，應當推動平等有序的世界多極化。這是習近平主席提出的又一重大主張，也是我們對多極世界的真誠期許。中國必將是多極體系中的確定性因素，將堅定做變革世界中的建設性力量。
Will multipolarity bring chaos, conflict and confrontation? Does it mean domination by major countries and the strong bullying the weak? China’s answer is,?we should work for an equal and orderly multipolar world. This is another major proposition put forward by President Xi Jinping, and it represents our sincere expectation for a multipolar world. China will surely be a factor of certainty in this multipolar system, and strive to be a steadfast constructive force in a changing world.
在此，我表達4點看法。
Here, I want to make four points.?
一是應倡導平等相待。列強爭霸曾給人類帶來災難，兩次世界大戰(zhàn)殷鑒不遠。殖民體系也罷，中心-外圍體系也罷，不平等的秩序注定土崩瓦解。世界各國獨立自主風起云涌，國際關系民主化不可阻擋。堅持權利平等、機會平等、規(guī)則平等，應當成為建設多極世界的基本原則。
First, it is important to advocate equal treatment.?Rivalry between big powers had brought disaster to humanity, as evidenced by the lessons of the two world wars in the not-so-distant past. Whether it is the colonial system or the core-periphery structure, unequal orders are bound to meet their demise. Independence and autonomy is sought across the world, and greater democracy in international relations is unstoppable. Equal rights, equal opportunities and equal rules should become the basic principles of a multipolar world.
正是秉持這樣的原則，中國主張大小國家一律平等，呼吁提升發(fā)展中國家在國際體系中的代表性和發(fā)言權。這不會導致“西方的缺失”，而將促進世界的正和。慕安會近年邀請更多“全球南方”國家代表參加，這是明智之舉。每一個國家的聲音都應得到傾聽，每一個國家都可在多極格局中找到自身的位置、發(fā)揮自己的作用。
It is in this principle that China advocates equality among all countries regardless of size, and calls for increasing the representation and say of developing countries in the international system. This will not lead to “Westlessness,” but will deliver more positive-sum results to the world. The Munich Security Conference has invited more participants from Global South countries in recent years. This is a wise thing to do. Every country should have their voice heard. Every country should be able to find their place and play their role in a multipolar paradigm.
二是應尊重國際法治。中國有句古話，沒有規(guī)矩，不成方圓。聯(lián)合國憲章宗旨和原則是處理國際關系的根本遵循，也是建設多極世界的重要基石。當今世界亂象頻出，一個重要原因就是有些國家迷信實力至上，打開了叢林法則的潘多拉盒子。實際上，國家不論大小強弱，都是國際法治的利益攸關方。多極格局不能是無序的狀態(tài)，如果沒有了規(guī)矩，昨天在餐桌邊，明天就可能在菜單上。大國要帶頭講誠信、講法治，堅決摒棄言行不一、零和博弈。
Second, it is important to respect international rule of law.?As an old Chinese saying goes, circles and squares cannot be drawn without compasses and rulers, which means nothing can be accomplished without following norms and standards. The purposes and principles of the U.N. Charter provide fundamental guidance for handling international relations. They are also an important cornerstone of a multipolar world. The world today is witnessing incessant chaos and confusion, and one important reason is that some countries believe might makes right and have opened a Pandora’s box marked the law of the jungle. In reality, all countries, regardless of size or strength, are stakeholders in international rule of law. The multipolar paradigm must not be a state of disarray. Without norms and standards, one may be at the table yesterday but end up on the menu tomorrow. Major countries must take the lead in honoring their words and upholding rule of law, and must not say one thing but do another, or engage in zero-sum game.
正是基于這樣的觀點，中國堅定維護國際法治權威，積極履行國際責任和義務，加入了幾乎所有普遍性政府間國際組織和600多項國際公約，從不搞例外主義，更不搞“合則用不合則棄”，為當今不確定的世界提供了最大的確定性。我要強調的是，在遵守國際法上不能搞雙重標準，尊重各國的主權和領土完整就應該支持中國實現(xiàn)完全統(tǒng)一。
It is based on the above points of view that China resolutely upholds the authority of international rule of law, and actively fulfills its international responsibilities and obligations. It is a member of almost all universal intergovernmental organizations and a party to over 600 international conventions. It never practices exceptionalism, still less cherrypicking. It is providing the greatest certainty in this uncertain world. I wish to emphasize that there should be no double standards in observing international law. Respect for all countries’ sovereignty and territorial integrity should mean support for China’s complete reunification.
三是應踐行多邊主義。面對層出不窮的全球性挑戰(zhàn)，沒有哪個國家能獨善其身，搞本國優(yōu)先只會造成各方“多輸”。聯(lián)合國是踐行多邊主義、推進全球治理的核心平臺，已經(jīng)為各國遮風擋雨近80年，未來的多極世界更加需要聯(lián)合國。對于這座大廈，我們應該固本強基而不是拆梁毀柱；對于治理全球難題，應該共擔責任而不是唯利是圖；對于共同挑戰(zhàn)，應該團結應對而不是陣營對抗。
Third, it is important to practice multilateralism.?In the face of emerging global challenges, no country can stay unaffected, and the “we first” approach in international relations only leads to a lose-lose result. The U.N. is at the core of practicing multilateralism and advancing global governance. This edifice has shielded all countries from wind and rain for nearly 80 years, and is all the more needed in the multipolar world of the future. We should cement its foundation, rather than destroy its pillars. We should take up our responsibilities on governing global issues, rather than seek self-interests only. We should tackle common challenges in solidarity, rather than resort to bloc confrontation.
正是本著這樣的理念，中國堅持真正的多邊主義，倡導共商共建共享的全球治理觀。我們堅定維護聯(lián)合國權威和地位，承擔著超過20%的聯(lián)合國會費。我們切實履行《巴黎協(xié)定》，建成世界上最大清潔發(fā)電體系。我們還提出并落實全球發(fā)展倡議、全球安全倡議、全球文明倡議，為完善全球治理提供公共產品。
It is from this understanding that China upholds true multilateralism and advocates the vision on global governance featuring extensive consultation and joint contribution for shared benefit. We have firmly upheld the authority and stature of the U.N., and contributed to more than 20 percent of the U.N. regular budget. We have acted earnestly on the Paris Agreement on climate change, and built the world’s largest clean power generation system. We have also proposed and delivered on the Global Development Initiative, the Global Security Initiative and the Global Civilization Initiative, providing public goods for improving global governance.?
四是應堅持開放共贏。發(fā)展是破解各種難題的鑰匙，多極世界應當是各國共同發(fā)展的世界。保護主義不是出路，濫加關稅沒有贏家?！懊撱^斷鏈”斷的是機遇，“小院高墻”封的是自己。應當堅持開放合作，以普惠包容的經(jīng)濟全球化來支撐平等有序的世界多極化。
Fourth, it is important to pursue openness and mutual benefit.?Development holds the key to addressing various problems. The multipolar world should be one where all countries develop together. Protectionism offers no way out, and arbitrary tariffs produce no winners. Decoupling deprives one of opportunities, and a “small yard with high fences” only ends up constraining oneself. It is important to pursue open cooperation, and support an equal and orderly multipolar world with a universally beneficial and inclusive economic globalization.
正是朝著這樣的目標，中國堅定同各國共享發(fā)展機遇。有位澳大利亞學者把中國稱為“賦能型大國”，我認為很形象。去年中國GDP增長5%，對世界經(jīng)濟增長的貢獻率接近30%，擔當起全球經(jīng)濟增長的重要引擎，向世界釋放超大規(guī)模市場紅利。中國愿推動高質量共建“一帶一路”同歐盟“全球門戶”戰(zhàn)略對接，賦能彼此，也賦能世界。
It is for this goal that China stays committed to sharing development opportunities with all countries. An Australian scholar called China an “enabler,” which I find very fitting. With a five-percent GDP growth last year, China contributed to nearly 30 percent of the world economic growth. It has served as an important engine for global economic growth, and shared with the world the benefit of its supersized market. China is willing to synergize high-quality Belt and Road cooperation with the European Union’s Global Gateway strategy, so as to empower each other and empower the entire world.
各位朋友，
Friends,
中方始終認為歐洲是多極世界的重要一極，中歐雙方是伙伴而不是對手。今年是中歐建交50周年。中方愿同歐方用好這一契機，深化戰(zhàn)略溝通和互利合作，推動世界走向和平、安全、繁榮、進步的光明前景。
China has always seen in Europe an important pole in the multipolar world. The two sides are partners, not rivals. This year marks the 50th anniversary of China-EU diplomatic relations. Taking this opportunity, China is willing to work with the European side to deepen strategic communication and mutually beneficial cooperation, and steer the world to a bright future of peace, security, prosperity and progress.
謝謝！
Thank you.
